丹麦残联顾问Steen Christiansen
首先我要感谢中国残疾人联合会（CDPF）的所有人士，感谢他们给我这样一个机会，让我能够表达我的观点，他们也鼓励了我，让我愿意介绍我多年的经验，这就是为有重度残疾的人们组织活动，使他们能够有机会过上优质的生活。
在丹麦时，我就已经看到中国实现了快速的发展和进步，为她广大的人民带来了富裕的、充满希望的生活。中国正在以风驰电掣般的速度即将迈入一个现代社会。但是，现代社会也有它的黑暗面。拥挤的交通吞噬了它的受害者。车祸产生了残疾人，在许多中国人走向富裕的同时，糖尿病人和患病者的人数也增加了。
所有这些问题，要求我们更加注意一个社会应当如何应对其残疾公民的福祉。
通过我的发言，我希望能收到微薄的功效，有助于你们选择走出一条具有中国特色的道路。丹麦和中国的社会制度是不同的。但是，同为人类的我们都有着相同的任务。那就是为那些残疾人士创造机会。使严重残疾人士有机会过上优质的生活，有机会量力而为地为社会作出或多或少的贡献。
在丹麦，我们说你总是可以这样评判一个社会 ，就是看它如何对待其最弱势的公民。这些人包括一般的残疾人，特别是那些有着严重残疾的人。
几年前在丹麦我向来自中国残疾人联合会（CDPF）的多名代表介绍了一些主要针对青年残疾人的活动。几年前跟随一批来自丹麦的代表，我访问了中国残疾人联合会（CDPF），并经介绍在中国的许多地方领略了各种针对残疾人的活动。
我在丹麦有着长期的生活经验，就是在丹麦为残疾人组织活动，它们需要获得替代正规工作的其他工作。那些人有着严重的残疾，使得他们无法通过一项正规的工作来养活自己。
无论你的残疾有多严重，每个人都希望成为社会的一分子，希望像别人一样对社区有所贡献。这一动机是促使残疾人努力加入的驱动力。
在这篇发言之中，我将只集中讲讲替代工作的活动。我十分清楚，残疾人的平等和可融入性对整个社会而言是必需的。但是你们的时间很宝贵，而我的时间又有限。
那些能够在私人部门工作，或者参加某种生产活动的残疾人应当这样做。
对于那些在私人部门找不到工作的残疾人，国家或者地方公共部门必须为他们提供适合于残疾人的工作。保持积极的态度能够避免与社会隔绝或隔离。
适合严重残疾人士的工作不是普通常见的工作。
其目的不在于赚钱或者实现职业提升。
其目的是成为社会的一分子。是通过在多数有残疾的其他人中间参与活动来获得优质的生活。意思是说你必须有工作人员来发起和组织活动，并且在残疾人自己作出努力的同时协助他们。你必须根据每一位残疾人的能力来设计活动。
这种活动可以是画一张画，或者是在工作人员的帮助下制作泥塑工艺品。
这种活动也可以是由工作人员推着，坐着轮椅在树林中散步，了解关于鸟类的知识。
这种活动也可以是尽力帮助工作人员为其他残疾人做饭。
这种活动也可以是欣赏一次展览、音乐会或者戏剧，之后讲述你的见闻。
这种活动也可以是骑着马背，虽然你不能够真正地骑马驰骋，但是你可以用鼻子嗅一嗅马、看一看马、拍打一下马，或者如果你有足够的本事的话，可以和一位老师一起骑马，让老师坐在你后面。
所有这些活动既可以个人单独进行，也可以集体进行。创造力是无穷的。但是要加以组织。事情虽小，对个人的影响和效果却很大。
对于你们之中的许多人而言，这种活动可以称之为娱乐。可是对于残疾人而言，它是对隔绝和隔离的重要替代。
你也可以创设一种服务，通过它残疾人可以寻求协助，以便去看一场演出 、去购物、去拜访朋友或者只是去散散步。你可以组织一批可以帮助完成这些事情的志愿者。
无论你是独自生活，和家人一起生活还是在一家机构里面生活，我都同样会建议应当有日常活动和作息表，这样一来，每一位残疾人就都会形成一种感觉，觉得他们对社会是有价值的。
在我访问中国的许多地方时，我时常看到景色优美的公园围绕着残疾人机构。我会建议残疾人应当始终住在一楼，这样他们就可以随时到公园里去。我会建议这些地方的环境应当在设备和组织形式上都为残疾人提供便利，使他们能够安全地选择出行的专门道路。工作人员对此起到了很重要的作用，无论是在身体上还是在精神上。工作人员应当承担起任务，提升残疾人的生活品质，帮助他们获得尽量接近社会其他成员的生活机会。
这就是说，残疾人应当生活在社区里面，具有与他人平等的选择权，并且应当采取有效的、适当的措施来方便残疾人全面享有这种权利，方便他们完全融入和参与到社区之中。
A small contribution to the development of The Chinese Way for the disabled.
First of all I will like to thank all at the CDPF who has given me the opportunity to express my views and has encourage me to present my many years experience in the field of organizing activities for persons with severe disability, so they are able to have a chance of a life with quality.
From Denmark I have seen how fast China has moved towards given its many citizens a life in prosperity and hope. China is becoming closer to a modern society within the speed of lightning.
But the modern society also has its dark sides. Heavy traffic demands its victims. Car accidents where people are disabled and the new wealth for many Chinese create a rise in the number of diabetics and people suffering from hearth illness.
Al this requires more attention to how a society handle the well being of its disabled citizens.
Through my presentation I hope to give a tiny contribution to how you chose to develop your Chinese way. The social systems in Denmark and China are different. But as human beings we all have the same task. To create possibilities for those who are disabled. Possibilities for the severe disabled to have a life with quality and a chance to contribute to the society less or much according to there ability.
In Denmark we say you can always judge a society according to how it treats its most vulnerable citizens. Among them are persons with disability in generel and specifically those with severe disability.
Some years ago in Denmark I introduced a great number of representatives from CDPF to activities for mainly young persons with disability. Some years ago with a group of representatives from Denmark I visited CDPF and was introduced to different activities for disabled in various places of China.
I have a long life experience in Denmark organizing activities in Denmark for disabled who needs an alternative to a regular job. Those persons had such a severe disability that they would not be able to support themselves through a regular job.
No matter how disabled you are, everyone wants to become a part of the society and contribute like everyone else to the community. This motivation is a driving force for the disabled persons effort to join in.
In this presentation I will only focus on activities as an alternative to work. Im well aware that equality and accessibility for the disabled is a must for the whole society. But your time is valuable, and my time is limited.
For those persons with disability who are able to work in the private sector, or participate in some sort of production should do so.
For those who cannot find a job in the privat sector the state or local public sector must provide jobs for persons with disability. Being active will prevent isolation or segregation from the community Jobs for persons with severe disability is not a job in the regular way.
The purpose is not to earn money or get a career advancement.
The purpose is to be a part of the society. To get a life with quality through activities among others mainly with disability. Meaning that you have to have staff to create and organize the activity, and to assist the persons with disability in their efforts. You have to design the activity according to the ability for each disabled person.
It could be drawing a picture or making crafts of clay assisted by the staff.
It coud be a walk in the wheelchair in the woods, pushed by the staff, learning about the birds.
It could be assisting as much as possible the staff in making dinner for others with disability
It could be visiting an exhibition, concert or play and afterwards talking about what you have seen
It could horseback riding without being able to ride a horse, but you can smell it, see it, clap it or if you are able enough ride it together with a teacher sitting behind you.
All this can be done individually or in groups. There is no limit for the creativity. But it must be
organized. Small things with huge personal effect.
For many of you this type of activity could be called entertainment. For the disabled it’s an important alternative to isolation and segregation.
You can also create a service, where persons with disability can call for assistance to go see a show, shop, visit friends or just take a walk. You can organize a group of volunteers who can assist in this matters.
Either you live by yourself, with your family or in an institution, I will suggest there should be daily activities and routines, so each person with disability will create a feeling of becoming valuable for the society.
At my visits in various places in China, I have often seen wonderful parks surrounding the institutions for the disabled. I will suggest that persons with a disability should always live on the ground floor, so they can choose to go out in the park, when they like to. I will suggest that the environment these places should be equipped and organized so it’s safe for the disabled to choose their own way. The staff has an important part in this, physically and mentally. The staff should be engaged in the task of filling the life of the disabled with quality and assist them to a life as close to the possibilities that any other member of the society has.
Meaning that persons with disabilities should live in the community, with choices equal to others, and shall take effective and appropriate measures to facilitate full enjoyment by persons with disabilities of this right and their full inclusion and participation in the community.
--(本文摘自《残疾人社会保障与服务国际论坛暨第三届中国残疾人事业发展论坛论文集》)
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